2021學(xué)年高一必修1 Unit4 Earthquakes 精品單元模擬試卷 英語（二） 教師版

2021學(xué)年高一精品單元模擬試卷  必修一 Unit4 Earthquakes英   語  （二）（本卷滿分100分）一、閱讀理解（每小題2分，共16分）AOne Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn't have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was find shelter from the freezing wind and snow. If he didn't, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him. Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn't lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled (蜷縮) in his cave and slept.The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn't find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls' survival show Man vs. Wild. That's where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode (一期節(jié)目) of Man vs.  Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.When Grylls heard about Nicholas' amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.1. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?A. He got lost.  B. He broke his skis.C. He hurt his eyes.  D. He caught a cold.2. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?A. He found a shelter.B. He lighted some branches.C. He kept on skiing.D. He built a snow cave.3. On Tuesday, Nicholas ________.A. returned to his shelter safelyB. was saved by a searcherC. got stuck in the snowD. stayed where he was4. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he ________.A. did the right things in the dangerous situationB. watched Grylls' TV program regularlyC. created some tips for survivalD. was very hard­working【答案】1-4 ADBA【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第四句“Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!”可知，一個(gè)周日的下午尼古拉斯迷路了。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，尼古拉斯挖了一個(gè)雪洞來保暖。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段倒數(shù)第二句“He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.”可知，是一位志愿搜尋者救了尼古拉斯。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段尾句中的“how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive”可知，應(yīng)選A。BAn earthquake happens when two plates rub (摩擦) together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. If one plate is slowly forced under the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart. This process causes the ground to move. It is an earthquake. In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth's surface caused by the earth's rocky outer layer (巖層) as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released (釋放). The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. Large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter Scale, caused millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years, millions of people have been killed by earthquakes around the world—including 240,000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.A 60­second or less earthquake can cause devastation (破壞) that continues for years after the first tremor (震動(dòng)). In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.5. Which of the following is the main idea of Paragraph 1?A. An earthquake comes from inside the earth.B. The earth has great energy in storage.C. How the earth plates move.D. How an earthquake happens.6. How many examples are used in the passage to show the damage and destruction earthquakes cause?A. Three.    B. Four.   C. Five.    D. Six.7. Which of the following is mentioned to show that an earthquake can kill too many people?A. The 1964 Alaskan quake.B. The 1976 Tangshan earthquake.C. The 1972 Managua earthquake.D. The 1906 earthquake.8. The  underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably means “________”. A. causing too much heat and great damageB. causing many injuries and much destructionC. happening as a result of another eventD. happening suddenly and unexpectedly【答案】5-8 DBBC【解析】5.主旨大意題。由第一段全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第二句可知，第一段主要講述了地震的成因。6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中提到1964年阿拉斯加地震、1976年唐山地震、1972年尼加拉瓜的馬那瓜地震、以及1906年地震，共四次。7.推理判斷題。由第三段最后一句可知，1976年唐山大地震中大約240000人遇難，該例子也表明地震可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量的人員傷亡。8.詞義猜測(cè)題。下文提到在1906年地震中，絕大部分的損失是地震引起的火災(zāi)造成的。由此推出ensuing是指“另一件事所引起的，隨后發(fā)生的”。 二、七選五（每小題2分，共10分）How to Be a Good ListenerBeing a good listener can help you see the world through the eyes of others. It enriches your understanding and expands your capacity for empathy(同情). Good listening skills can provide you with a deeper level of understanding about someone’s situation.   9  Place yourself in other people’s shoes. It’s easy to only consider the impact of the other person’s “telling” on you. But you must open out and look at the problems from the other person’s view.   10  Avoid comparing the person’s experiences to your own. You may think that the best thing you can do to really listen is to compare the person’s experiences to your own. But this type of thinking actually makes the person feel like you’re not really listening at all.   11   That means that you’re focusing more on yourself than on the person’s situation.  12   Some people think that, when they’re listening, they should find a quick and easy solution to the person’s problem. According to the research, it is totally wrong to do so. Instead focus on absorbing everything the person is saying to you. Only after that can you really try to help.Know what not to do. Knowing what to avoid when you’re trying to be a good listener can be almost as helpful as knowing what to do. If you want the speaker to take you seriously you’d better not interrupt in the middle of a point.   13   Make eye contact with the person so that the person realizes that you are interested and are listening.A. Don’t try to help immediately.B. Avoid saying “I” or “me” a lot.C. Try to solve the person’s problem quickly.D. Don’t try to change the subject, even if it’s a little uncomfortable.E. If so, you would see your way through the problems much faster.F. Therefore you had better listen to what the person is saying carefully.G. If you want to know how to be a good listener, read on to get started!【答案】9-13 GEBAD【解析】本文是說明文。本文就如何成為一位好的聆聽者向讀者提供了四條建議。9.考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本空為過渡句，下文就如何成為一個(gè)好的傾聽者提供了四條建議，所以這里應(yīng)該選G項(xiàng)（如果你想知道如何成為一個(gè)好的傾聽者，那就繼續(xù)往下讀吧！）以引出下文?？芍?/span>G項(xiàng)符合題意，故選G。10.考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。選項(xiàng)E中的If so與上文談到的換位思考相承接，說明如果這樣做的話，問題將會(huì)被更快地解決。故選E項(xiàng)。11.考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本段主要講的是避免把他人和自己的經(jīng)歷作比較，本空是細(xì)節(jié)句，空后一句的That是對(duì)空處內(nèi)容的指代（這意味著你更關(guān)注自己而不是別人的處境），由此可推斷出避免經(jīng)常說“我”，可知B正確，故選B項(xiàng)。12.考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本空是本段的主題句，本段主要敘述不要急于想對(duì)策，要充分了解以后才可以更好地提供幫助。分析選項(xiàng)可知A（不要急于提供幫助）符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)。13.考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本段的中心意思為“知道什么該做，什么不該做”?？涨?/span>一句說到你最好不要中途打斷說話人，與D項(xiàng)（不要試圖改變主題，即使它有點(diǎn)不舒服）意義一致。根據(jù)上下文及本段首句“知道不要做什么”可知，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。 三、完形填空（每小題2分，共30分）Technology is always developing, and at a very fast pace too. It can be hard to keep up with the   14   technology, especially when you’re   15  . A group of eighth graders who are Girls Scout Troop 60013 in Arlington, Virginia   16   that problem and decided to do something about it. The girls set up their first walk-in clinic for elderly people who have   17   understanding how to unlock the secrets of their modern   18  . Each teen spent at least an hour of one-on-one time with their “students”. Based on their technological experience, each Girl Scout   19   how to use Android and Apple phones. Some of the oldsters   20   wanted to join the e-commerce revolution, and needed help setting up Apple Pay   21   others simply had problems learning how to send   22   to their family members. “I was teaching this old woman how to text people, and the first thing that she did was text her daughter,” one of the Scouts said, “And I thought that was really   23  .”  24   offering group lessons to all of the old people to learn together at the end of the clinic, the youngsters even printed out brochures and guides for the elderly to take home   25   some had trouble with their smartphones in the future.“Those girls were   26  ,” said Nancy Taylor, a great-grandmother of four great-grandchildren who visited the clinic. “  27   was set up and ready for us and they all kindly answered our questions.”The eighth graders are likely to get the Girl Scout Silver Award, the highest honor a Girl Scout can receive, for being   28  .14. A. newest    B. outdated   C. latest    D. intelligent15. A. young    B. old     C. enthusiastic   D. patient16. A. recognized   B. solved    C. missed    D. approached17. A. friend    B. interest    C. time     D. trouble18. A. cars     B. smartphones  C. doors     D. houses19. A. learned    B. taught     C. connected    D. mixed20. A. actually    B. fortunately   C. anxiously    D. unwillingly21. A. if      B. while    C. since     D. when22. A. presents    B. love    C. letters     D. messages23. A. crazy     B. awful     C. addictive    D. sweet24. A. Before     B. By     C. Besides    D. Except25. A. in case     B. so that    C. as if    D. now that26. A. wonderful    B. attractive   C. courageous    D. respectable27. A. Nothing    B. It     C. None    D. Everything28. A. serious    B. lovely    C. warm-hearted   D. hard-working【答案】14-18 CBADB 19-23 BABDD 24-28 CAADC【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一群女孩子為老人講解如何使用智能手機(jī)的事跡，使老人們也能享受現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展帶來的快樂。14.考查形容詞。句意：很難跟上最新科技發(fā)展的步伐，尤其是在你年紀(jì)大的時(shí)候。A. newest：最新的；B. outdated：過時(shí)的；C. latest：最近的，最新的；D. intelligent：智能的。newest是new的最高級(jí)，一般用來形容人或物的新舊，不能用來形容時(shí)間的遠(yuǎn)近?？萍家恢痹诎l(fā)展，日新月異，因此從時(shí)間遠(yuǎn)近的角度要選擇latest表示最新的科技。故選C。15.考查形容詞。A. young：年輕的；B. old：舊的，年長(zhǎng)的；C. enthusiastic：熱情的；D. patient：耐心的。下文提到老人在使用手機(jī)時(shí)存在一些困難和問題，即年長(zhǎng)的人跟不上科技的發(fā)展。故選B。16.考查動(dòng)詞。句意：一群八年級(jí)的女學(xué)生組成了弗吉尼亞州阿靈頓的編號(hào)為60013的女童軍，她們發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)問題，并決定采取措施。A. recognized：認(rèn)出，識(shí)別，承認(rèn)；B. solved：解決；C. missed：錯(cuò)過；D. approached：接近。在決定解決問題之前，需要發(fā)現(xiàn)問題。選擇recognize合乎邏輯。故選A。17.考查名詞。A. friends：朋友；B. interest：興趣，利益；C. time：時(shí)間；D. trouble：困難，麻煩。前文提到老人很難跟得上科技的發(fā)展，因此他們?cè)谑褂檬謾C(jī)時(shí)是存在困難的。故選D。18.考查名詞。A. cars：汽車；B. smartphones：智能手機(jī)；C. doors：門；D. houses：房屋。由下文的安卓手機(jī)和蘋果手機(jī)可知，此處指智能手機(jī)。故選B。19.考查動(dòng)詞。句意：每個(gè)女孩子都根據(jù)自己的技術(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教老人如何使用安卓手機(jī)和蘋果手機(jī)。A. learned：學(xué)習(xí)；B. taught：教授，教；C. connected：連接；D. mixed：混合。老人在使用智能手機(jī)時(shí)是存在困難的，女孩們的目標(biāo)就是幫助他們解決問題，因此要教會(huì)他們使用手機(jī)的某些功能。故選B。20.考查副詞。A. actually：事實(shí)上，竟然；B. fortunately：幸運(yùn)地；C. anxiously：焦急地；D. unwillingly：不情愿地。由simply一詞可以看出空格前后表示的是對(duì)比關(guān)系，此處表示兩種老年人在使用智能手機(jī)時(shí)的需求是不同的，有些人想要學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)信息而有的人竟然想要加入電子商務(wù)革命中去，選用actually符合語境。故選A。21.考查連詞。A. if：如果；B. while：當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，然而；C. since：自從；D. when：當(dāng)……時(shí)候。由simply一詞可以看出空格前后表示的是對(duì)比關(guān)系，此處表示兩種老年人在使用智能手機(jī)時(shí)的需求是不同的，有些人想要學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)信息而有的人竟然想要加入電子商務(wù)革命中去，選擇while表示對(duì)比。故選B。22.考查名詞。A. presents：禮物；B. love：愛；C. letters：字母；D. messages：信息，消息。由下文的“text her daughter”可知，有些老人不會(huì)發(fā)信息給家人。故選D。23.考查形容詞。句意：我在教這個(gè)老人如何給別人發(fā)信息。她做的第一件事情就是給她的女兒發(fā)信息，我認(rèn)為這是很好的一件事情。A. crazy：瘋狂的；B. awful：可怕的；C. addictive：上癮的；D. sweet：甜的，美好的。老人學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)信息后第一件事情就是給女兒發(fā)信息，她可以通過發(fā)信息和女兒交流，這肯定是一件很美好的事情。故選D。24.考查介詞。句意：在講解的最后，除了為所有老年人提供集體課程以供他們共同學(xué)習(xí)外，青少年們還為他們打印出了小冊(cè)子和指南讓老人帶回家，以防將來有些人在使用智能手機(jī)時(shí)遇到問題。A. Before：在……之前；B. By：通過；C. Besides：除了；D. Except：除了。Besides與Except用于肯定句時(shí)，Except意為“除……外（不再有）”；Besides意為“除……外（還有）”。結(jié)合句意，選用Besides合乎語境。故選C。25.考查連詞。A. in case：以防；B. so that：以便；C. as if：仿佛；D. now that：既然。in case引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，表示以防有的老人在使用智能手機(jī)時(shí)遇到問題。故選A。26.考查形容詞。A. wonderful：精彩的，令人贊嘆的；B. attractive：有魅力的；C. courageous：勇敢的；D. respectable：可敬的。由這個(gè)老人的評(píng)價(jià)“they all kindly answered our questions”可知，這些女孩子很了不起。故選A。27.考查代詞。A. Nothing：沒有；B. It：它；C. None：沒有；D. Everything：一切。此處指她們?yōu)槔先藗儼才藕昧艘磺校?/span>Everything指的是上文的group lessons和brochures and guides。故選D。28.考查形容詞。A. serious：嚴(yán)重的；B. lovely：可愛的；C. warm-hearted：熱心的；D. hard-working：努力工作的。從女孩子們?yōu)槔夏耆怂龅氖虑榭梢钥闯觯齻兪菬嵝哪c的。故選C。 四、單句語法填空（每小題2分，共24分）29. There are an ________ (extreme) large number of ants worldwide.30. The city was in ________ (ruin) at the end of the war.31. A large amount of rainforest is being ________ (destroy) every day.32. The ________ (miner) were rescued after being trapped for 170 hours.33. She was got ____________ (injure) while skating.34. She was greatly ________ (frighten) after hearing a ________ (frighten) cry.35. By doing so, I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn ___________ (express) myself clearly.36. On arriving there, we expressed our ___________(congratulation) to him on his success.37. It seemed as if the world was at ______ end!38. The deer           （trap）in the mud. 39. They began to recover slowly from their nightmare of pain and _______(suffer).40. It is no wonder the building is _____ruins.【答案】29. extremely  30. ruins  31. destroyed  32. miners   33. injured34. frightened; frightening     35. to express    36. congratulations    37. an  38. was trapped    39. suffering  40. in 五、單句改錯(cuò)（每小題2分，共20分）41. One million people of the city,that thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 42. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fall. 43. Mice ran out of the fields look for places to hide. 44. The suffering of the people were extremely. 45. Slow, the city began to breathe again. 46. A number of children whose parents had died in the quake was sent to live with families in other cities. 47. Fresh water was taken to the city by the train. 48. I asked a man stand next to me that happened. 49. You will get a lot of informations about what is happening around the world. 50. At same time you will improve your pronunciation. 【答案】41. that改為who  42. fall改為fell43. look改為looking  44. extremely改為extreme45. Slow改為Slowly  46. was改為were47. 去掉第二個(gè)the  48. stand改為standing49. informations改為information 50. same前加the