牛津譯林版高二下冊模塊7 Unit 2 Fit for life PPT課件+試卷含答案

核心素養(yǎng)測評二十一 Unit 2　Fit for life(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ. 閱讀理解AChina’s health and education authorities on Monday required the country’s schools to establish systems to report HIV/AIDS infection cases in students. The National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Education said in a joint circular that infections of the virus among young students saw a marked rise in recent years,  a sign of problems in education and students’ awareness about HIV/AIDS prevention. The two authorities required local health and education agencies to improve awareness at schools and called for establishment of an infection reporting system and regular consultation mechanism to analyze the cause of infections and formulate countermeasures. The circular also urged proper protection of infected students’ privacy. “Students in secondary schools and older should attend special classes on HIV/AIDS prevention focused on prevention of unsafe behavior as well as sexual responsibility and morality, ” the circular said. It also pledged financial support for volunteer services. The circular said HIV/AIDS voluntary counselling and testing services should be improved and schools should encourage students with risky behavior to use the services. 【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了中國衛(wèi)生和教育部門要求各地學(xué)校加強(qiáng)學(xué)生艾滋病預(yù)防宣傳教育, 建立完善的防控體系, 完善對艾滋病防范的服務(wù)。1. What does the underlined word “circular” in the second paragraph mean? A. round　　　　　　　B. notice C. advertisements   D. news【解析】選B。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文The National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Education said in a joint與下文infections of the virus among young students saw a marked rise in recent years,  a sign of problems in education and students’ awareness about HIV/AIDS prevention. 可知: 近年來, 青年學(xué)生中的病毒感染明顯增加, 這是教育和學(xué)生對艾滋病毒/艾滋病的預(yù)防意識存在問題的跡象, 是對circular的具體闡述, 其內(nèi)容是一份公告和通知, 由此可見, circular意思為“通知; 公告”, 故選B。2. From the passage,  we can infer that _______.  A. students have fully realized the meaning of HIV/AIDSB. China’s health and education authorities pay little attention to HIV/AIDS issues in Chinese studentsC. students’ awareness about HIV/AIDS should be greatly improvedD. HIV/AIDS infection cases in students have drawn no concern among students【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Students in secondary schools and older should attend special classes on HIV/AIDS prevention focused on prevention of unsafe behavior as well as sexual responsibility and morality, ” the circular said. 可知, 該通知稱, 中學(xué)及以上年級的學(xué)生應(yīng)參加以預(yù)防不安全行為以及性責(zé)任和道德為重點(diǎn)的艾滋病毒/艾滋病預(yù)防特別班。由此可見, 應(yīng)加大提高學(xué)生對艾滋病毒/艾滋病的認(rèn)識, 故選C。3. What can be the best title for the text?  A. Call for reports on students with HIV. B. Public concerns about HIV/AIDS infection. C. Volunteer services for HIV/AIDS infection cases. D. To ignore HIV/AIDS infection cases is wrong. 【解析】選C。標(biāo)題擬定題。根據(jù)文章大意可知, 本文主要講述了中國衛(wèi)生和教育部門要求各地學(xué)校加強(qiáng)學(xué)生艾滋病預(yù)防宣傳教育, 建立完善的防控體系, 完善對艾滋病防范的服務(wù)。故選C。【知識拓展】長難句分析The two authorities required local health and education agencies to improve awareness at schools and called for establishment of an infection reporting system and regular consultation mechanism to analyze the cause of infections and formulate countermeasures. 分析: 這是一個簡單句, 有兩個并列謂語動詞required. . . and called for. . . 。to improve awareness at schools是第一個謂語動詞之后的目的狀語; to analyze the cause of infections and formulate countermeasures是第二個謂語動詞后的目的狀語。翻譯: 這兩個部門要求當(dāng)?shù)氐男l(wèi)生和教育部門要提高在校意識, 要求建立感染報(bào)告機(jī)制以及定期咨詢機(jī)制來分析感染原因、制定對策。BStephen Hawking’s final fear was that DNA manipulation would lead to a master race of superhumans.  The physicist,  who died aged 76 in March,  2018,  thought the development could destroy the rest of human beings.  His last prediction is revealed in a new book of his collected articles and essays called Brief Answers to Big Questions. Hawking feared rich people would soon be able to edit their children’s DNA to improve attributes like memory and disease immunity.  And he said that would pose a crisis for the rest of the world even if politicians tried to illegalize the practice.  In an extract (摘錄) published by The Sunday Times,  he wrote:  “I am sure that during this century people will discover how to modify both intelligence and instincts such as aggression.  Laws will probably be passed against genetic engineering with humans.  But some people won’t be able to resist the temptation to improve human characteristics,  such as memory,  resistance to disease and length of life. ” And he said that would cause huge problems for humans who have not undergone the same process,  leaving them unable to compete.  The professor even warned it could lead to the extinction of humanity as we know it.  He said of normal humans:  “Presumably they will die out,  or become unimportant.  Instead,  there will be a race of self-designing beings who are improving at an ever-increasing rate. ” The Brief History of Time author also refers to techniques like Crispr,  which enables scientists to modify harmful genes and add in others.  And although such procedures could be a boost for medical science,  some critics are worried that they could cause a eugenics-style (優(yōu)生方式) movement,  where the weak are weeded out of society. The new book,  published by Hodder & Stoughton on Tuesday,  also collects his writings on what he thought were the big questions facing science and wider society.  In it,  he examines whether aliens exist,  colonize space and whether humans will ever go beyond our Solar System. 【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。物理學(xué)家斯蒂芬·霍金去世前的最后擔(dān)憂是: 操縱DNA將催生超級人類優(yōu)等種族, 他認(rèn)為這一發(fā)展趨勢可能會毀滅人類。4. Stephen Hawking’s views don’t include 　　　.  A. DNA manipulation could lead to the extinction of human beingsB. There exist techniques to modify harmful genes and add in good genesC. People cannot resist the temptation to improve human characteristicsD. Humans who haven’t undergone genetic engineering may die out【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“But some people won’t be able to resist the temptation to improve human characteristics,  such as memory,  resistance to disease and length of life. ”可知是some people而不是people, 故C選項(xiàng)以偏概全, 不是霍金的觀點(diǎn)。故選C。5. Which one is the book published by Hodder & Stoughton? A. Brief Answers to Big Questions. B. The Sunday Times. C. The Brief History of Time. D. Solar System. 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中“The new book, published by Hodder & Stoughton on Tuesday”使用了定冠詞the可知是對應(yīng)第一段中第一次提到的a new book of his collected articles and essays called Brief Answers to Big Questions, 故Brief Answers to Big Questions 是由Hodder & Stoughton 出版的, A選項(xiàng)正確。【誤區(qū)警示】The Sunday Times是霍金曾經(jīng)在上面發(fā)表過文章的報(bào)刊, 故B選項(xiàng)排除; The Brief History of Time是霍金之前的書, 故排除C選項(xiàng); Solar System不是書, D選項(xiàng)不正確。6. What’s Stephen Hawking’s attitude towards human genetic engineering? A. Supportive.    B. Impartial. C. Favorable.     D. Concerned. 【解析】選D。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Stephen Hawking’s final fear was that DNA manipulation would lead to a master race of superhumans. ”; 第二段第二句“And he said that would pose a crisis for the rest of the world even if politicians tried to illegalize the practice. ”; 與第二段中“The professor even warned it could lead to the extinction of humanity as we know it. ”中fear,  crisis,  warned等詞可以看出, 霍金對于人類基因工程的態(tài)度是擔(dān)憂的, 因此選D。7. What does the text mainly want to tell us? A. Crispr can enable scientists to get harmful genes changed. B. DNA manipulation will create a master race of superhumans. C. Humans will colonize space and go beyond our Solar System. D. DNA manipulation may lead to the extinction of human beings. 【解析】選D。主旨大意題。從文章的第一段第二句“The physicist,  who died aged 76 in March,  2018,  thought the development could destroy the rest of human beings. ”可知操縱DNA可能會導(dǎo)致人類滅絕, 故選D。【誤區(qū)警示】文章只是作為舉例說明, 提到了Crispr(基因編輯技術(shù)) 使科學(xué)家能夠修改有害的基因。并不是文章的主要內(nèi)容, 故排除A選項(xiàng); 文章提出操縱DNA將導(dǎo)致人類滅絕, 而不是創(chuàng)造優(yōu)良種族, B選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容相悖, 故B選項(xiàng)錯誤; C選項(xiàng)“人類將移民太空并走出太陽系?！蔽恼轮袥]有提及, 排除C選項(xiàng)。【知識拓展】佳詞積累1. development 　　　　n. 發(fā)展2. prediction  n. 預(yù)測3. intelligence  n. 智力, 聰明4. aggression  n. 侵略, 挑釁5. temptation  n. 欲望, 誘惑6. characteristics  n. 特征; 特性; 特質(zhì)7. humanity  n. 人道, 仁慈Ⅱ. 閱讀填句世紀(jì)金榜導(dǎo)學(xué)號　　Current digital technology gives us music of flawless quality. It also makes it easier to copy,  upload and stream music without having to download it. 　1　. However,  as climate change is on everyone’s mind these days,  the question related to music arises:  Which music consumption form is worse for the environment:  CDs,  vinyl (黑色膠片),  or digital music?  The answer might surprise you.  　　　2　,  logic would suggest that music downloads and online streaming are good for the environment. But must it surely be more environmentally friendly?  Even though streamed music is material-free,  that doesn’t mean it doesn’t have an environmental impact. In fact,  the information is searched and sent to our electronic devices across the network,  which costs energy. 　3　.  　　Researchers found that streaming an album over the Internet will use 27 times more energy than it takes to produce a single CD or vinyl record. In any given second,  the music platform is serving about 2. 5 million streams at the same time. 　4　,  that means almost 210, 000 albums’ worth of music has been streamed. It will use nearly 8, 000 times more energy than what making one CD takes. Meanwhile,  if you buy a CD,  it’s there permanently. The only extra energy required is whatever you need to power your CD player.  　　The study was published before Record Store Day—an event that encourages listeners to buy physical record. 　5　. Rather,  they want you to think about your power use and choose services that minimize their effect on the planet. They also hope this could develop alternatives that are more sustainable without sacrificing the convenience you expect.  A. Since our digital music uses less plasticB. If average albums contain twelve tracksC. This happens every time we stream musicD. As a result,  streaming music becomes popularE. Although streaming music is a greener alternativeF. It wants to convey effects of streaming on economyG. But the researchers aren’t advising playing music traditionally【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。當(dāng)今的數(shù)字技術(shù)給我們帶來了完美無瑕的音樂品質(zhì)。且因?yàn)槲覀兊臄?shù)字音樂使用更少的塑料, 從邏輯上講, 音樂下載和在線流媒體對環(huán)境是有好處的。事實(shí)上, 信息是通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索并發(fā)送到我們的電子設(shè)備上的, 這需要消耗能源。研究人員希望人們考慮能源使用, 并選擇那些對地球影響最小的服務(wù)。1. 【解析】選D。根據(jù)上文It also makes it easier to copy,  upload and stream music without having to download it. 它還使復(fù)制、上傳和流媒體音樂變得更容易, 而無需下載?？赏茰y下文將敘述這種情況帶來的影響是: 因此, 流媒體音樂變得流行起來。故選D。2. 【解析】選A。根據(jù)下文logic would suggest that music downloads and online streaming are good for the environment. 從邏輯上講, 音樂下載和在線流媒體對環(huán)境是有好處的。可推測上文是說明: 因?yàn)槲覀兊臄?shù)字音樂使用更少的塑料。故選A。3. 【解析】選C。根據(jù)上文In fact,  the information is searched and sent to our electronic devices across the network,  which costs energy. 事實(shí)上, 信息是通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索并發(fā)送到我們的電子設(shè)備上的, 這需要消耗能源。下文則說明這樣的情況每次我們播放音樂時都會發(fā)生。故選C。4. 【解析】選B。根據(jù)下文that means almost 210, 000 albums’ worth of music has been streamed那意味著幾乎有21萬張專輯的音樂被流媒體播放?？赏茰y平均每張專輯包含12首歌曲。故選B。5. 【解析】選G。根據(jù)下文Rather,  they want you to think about your power use and choose services that minimize their effect on the planet. 相反, 他們想讓你考慮你的能源使用, 并選擇那些對地球影響最小的服務(wù)?？芍芯咳藛T并不建議傳統(tǒng)地播放音樂。故選G。Ⅲ. 應(yīng)用文寫作(2020年山東新高考模擬)假定你是李華, 你的英國朋友John 來信詢問中國人過春節(jié)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。請你結(jié)合自己家鄉(xiāng)的實(shí)際情況給他回信, 內(nèi)容包括: 1. 春節(jié)的簡介; 2. 過節(jié)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣; 3. 邀請他來中國過春節(jié)。注意: 1. 詞數(shù)80左右; 2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié), 以使行文連貫; 3. 信的開頭已為你寫好。Dear John, I’m glad that you’re interested in the Chinese Spring Festival. ________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua【參考范文】Dear John, I’m glad that you’re interested in the Chinese Spring Festival. The Spring Festival is the most ceremonious traditional festival of the Chinese nation.  It is a happy and peaceful festival for family and friends to get together and a bond for people to deepen their feelings.  In order to celebrate the Spring Festival,  we will stick couplets,  set off firecrackers,  have dinner,  watch the Spring Festival Gala,  and so on.  There is a jubilant atmosphere everywhere.  I’d like to invite you to China for the Spring Festival with us. Yours, Li Hua