外研英語中考 02-第二部分 語法專項(xiàng)突破復(fù)習(xí) 02-專題二 動(dòng)詞 PPT課件

這是一份外研英語中考 02-第二部分 語法專項(xiàng)突破復(fù)習(xí) 02-專題二 動(dòng)詞 PPT課件，共60頁。PPT課件主要包含了考情分析，知識(shí)思維導(dǎo)圖，知識(shí)梳理，綜合演練，系動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞，produces，polluted，trying，bought，rose等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
考頻:在單項(xiàng)選擇中考查21次,近6年連續(xù)考查且考查詞義辨析,每年1～2道;在完形填空中考查16次，近6年連續(xù)考查且考查詞義辨析，每年2~3道;在單詞拼寫中考查4次;在選詞填空中考查13次;在詞形變換中考查4次。
第一講 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語
動(dòng)詞
1.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞主要包括及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞本身意義不完整，需要在其后加賓語;不及物動(dòng)詞本身意義完整，其后無需接賓語，有時(shí)可加上副詞或介詞，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語。
Tip:某些“主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語”可以改為“主語+謂語+直接賓語+介詞（t/fr）+間接賓語”。如：I'll get yu sme tea.= I'll get sme tea fr yu.
①系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞表示主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”，后面通常接名詞或形容詞。
②助動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞本身沒有實(shí)際意義,不能獨(dú)立作謂語，必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起使用，在句中幫助提問、否定以及構(gòu)成相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。常用的助動(dòng)詞有:be（is, am, are, was, were,isn't, am nt,aren't,wasn't, weren't）, d（des, did, dn't, desn't, didn't），will（wn't, wuld,wuldn't）和have（has, had, haven't, hasn't, hadn't）等。如:I will be a high schl student next year.我明年就要成為一名高中生了。
3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（詳見第二講）
一、根據(jù)語境，用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.（2024江蘇揚(yáng)州一模改編）The frest _________ （prduce） lts f xygen and helps cl the the past, many rivers were _________ （pllute） seriusly, but nw they are cleaned up.
3.學(xué)科融合The teacher tld us that the gravity（重力） n Mars ___ （be） nly abut three-eighths f that n are _______ （try） t make ur city cleaner and mre ________（buy） me a gift , n ne was hurt, but the smke frm the fire_____（rise） straightly up in the CDs ____ well, and they will be _____ ut sn.（sell）
8.Many cuntries can hardly avid __________ （prvide） prducts made in China fr peple nw.9.I used t wear shrt hair, but nw I am used t ______ （tie） a pnytail （馬尾辮）.
10.Mbile phnes and electrnic calculatrs（計(jì)算器） mustn't be _________ （bring） int exam rms in the Natinal Entrance Cllege Examinatins in China.
二、根據(jù)語境,從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,并用其正確形式填空。每個(gè)單詞只能用一次。
1.（2024廣西柳州三模改編）My sister likes the silk dress very much. It _____ very _______ like a gd idea.
3.She wants t ________ a cmputer des the behavir f adults __________ children's chices f fd?5.Yu'd better put n yur warm clthes, because the temperature will ______ 't ______ the gd chance. Maybe yu will never meet ne __________ a trip t Oxfrd fr me last weekend.
三、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。
1.你從老師那里學(xué)會(huì)了剪紙嗎？_____ yu ______ paper cutting frm yur teacher?
2.我將會(huì)認(rèn)真考慮這個(gè)問題。I _____ ______ abut the prblem carefully.
3.如果你愿意，你有權(quán)保持沉默。Yu have the right t__________ ________ ______ if yu chse.
4.格林太太已經(jīng)扔掉了那些她不再用的東西。Mrs. Green _____ already ________ away the things she desn't need anymre.
5.他們建議我們把錯(cuò)誤寫在筆記本上。They _______ us ___ ______ dwn the mistakes in ur ntebks.
動(dòng)詞短語
1.（2024廣西）—Dad, let's ________ early t d exercise tmrrw mrning.—OK, n prblem.( )
A.lk upB.get upC.give up
2.（2024廣西南寧三模）—Excuse me, madam. Culd yu help me ________ the time f the next train t Beijing?—Sure. Please wait a minute.( )
A.lk upB.put nC.talk abut
3.（2024廣西南寧三模）Since I've grwn up, I think I shuldn't always ________ my parents.( )
A.depend nB.hear frmC.give up
4.（2024廣西柳州三模）— Many villages in China are trying t build a green and envirnmental friendly place.— Yeah, I'm sure with the hard wrk f lcal peple, the dream f building a beautiful village will ________.( )
A.cme trueB.grw upC.take away
5.（2024廣西南寧二模）It's ht in the rm. Why dn't yu ________ yur thick cat?( )
A.put nB.try utC.take ff
6.（2024廣西來賓三模）—I dn't knw hw t ________ the ld bks.—Why dn't yu give them away t the kids in pr areas?( )
A.deal withB.put nC.take up
7.（2024廣西梧州二模）The firemen were s brave that they ________ the fire and saved the children in that huse.( )
A.put utB.put inC.put up
8.（2024廣西南寧二模）—I think English is very interesting t learn.—I ________ yu.( )
A.smile atB.lk afterC.agree with
9.（2024廣西三模）—It's nt plite t ________ thers when they make mistakes.—Yu are right.( )
A.care abutB.lk afterC.laugh at
10.（2024廣西賀州一模）I ask my friend t________ when he meets the difficulty.( )
A.fall dwnB.turn dwnC.calm dwn
11.（2024廣西貴港二模）—Li Ming is a girl, right?—Yes, but she always likes t ________ like a by.( )
A.dress upB.make upC.lk up
12.（2024廣西柳州二模）The girl ________ the rubbish n the grund and threw it int the dustbin （垃圾箱）.( )
A.picked upB.lked upC.set up
13.（2024廣西欽州一模）They missed the match this mrning, because they ________ late.( )
A.lked upB.grew upC.wke up
14.（2024廣西梧州一模）Alice's rm is tidy because she always________ her tys after playing with them.( )
A.puts awayB.pays frC.lks fr
15.（2024廣西南寧一模）Befre the Spring Festival, my family clean ur huses t ________ the bad luck.( )
A.sweep awayB.turn ffC.put up
16.（2024廣西一模）The gvernment has ________ big nature parks t prtect the wild animals.( )
A.turned upB.given upC.set up
常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人的情感與態(tài)度，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，只能和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。
根據(jù)語境，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞完成下列各句。每個(gè)單詞只能用一次。
1.（2024江蘇鎮(zhèn)江改編）With the help f mdern technlgy, nw peple _____ enjy the prudest mment when China's first astrnaut Yang Liwei entered space.
2.Accrding t the traffic rules, children under 12 ________ ride bicycles n the rad.
3.The lvely by ______ ride the bike at the age f six.
4.（2024四川瀘州改編）—Rebecca, have yu decided what t d this Saturday?—Nt yet. I _____ vlunteer at the ld peple's hme.
5.（2024江蘇無錫改編）Shh… ! This is a library. Yu _______ keep yur vice yu mind turning dwn the music?
7.Yu ________ finish yur article right nw. Yu can hand it in smetime befre dn't make s much nise. I ______ hear the speaker very well.
9.— ______ I finish my hmewrk nw?— N, yu dn't have t. Yu may have a rest first.
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)
根據(jù)語境，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞完成下列各句。
1.（2024山東菏澤改編）—Whse vlleyball is this?—It ______ be Lucy's. She lves vlleyball.
2.—Is Tny cming t the bk shw this Sunday?—I'm nt sure. He _____ nt cme.
3.（2024吉林長(zhǎng)春中考改編）Lili ______ be at hme. She has gne t the farm t pick apples.
第三講 謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般過去時(shí),一般將來時(shí)
1.（2024廣西三模）Jessica ________ every night befre her Chinese test and gt gd results.( )
A.studiesB.studiedC.has studied
2.（2024廣西欽州一模）She will call yu as sn as she ________ back.( )
A.cmesB.cmeC.will cme
3.（2024廣西欽州二模）—The car will nt start. What can I d?—Dn't wrry. Tm and I ________ it a push.( )
A.giveB.gaveC.will give
4.（2024廣西欽州一模）—Wuld yu please ask her t ring me back when she ________ back?—OK. N prblem.( )
A.cmeB.cmesC.will cme
5.（2024廣西賀州一模）—What's yur plan fr the winter hliday?—I ________ my father wrk in the restaurant.( )
A.am helpingB.will helpC.have helped
6.（2024廣西柳州二模）—What did yu d last night, Alex?—I ________ the Asian Cup with my friends.( )
A.will watchB.am watchingC.watched
7.（2024天津改編）—Jane and I ________ a picnic this Sunday. Wuld yu like t cme with us?—Sure. See yu then.( )
A.hadB.have hadC.are ging t have
8.（2024河北改編）Jenny is an early bird. She ________ at 6:00 in the mrning.( )
A.gets upB.gt upC.will get up
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中常見的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：
1.（2024廣西南寧二模）—Tny, I called yu last night, but there was n answer. What were yu ding?—I ________ in the garden.( )
A.will wrkB.am wrkingC.was wrking
2.（2024廣西南寧二模）—Eric, please put away yur tys.—Wait a minute. I ________ an e-mail t my teacher nw.( )
A.am sendingB.was sendingC.have sent
3.（2024廣西梧州一模）In fact, we ________ English fr six years.( )
A.have learnedB.learnedC.learn
4.（2024廣西二模）—Where is yur grandma?—Lk! She ________ in her bedrm.( )
A.readsB.readC.is reading
5.（2024廣西南寧二模）— Listen! What a beautiful sund!—Oh, Alice ________ the pian.( )
A.is playingB.playedC.plays
6.（2024廣西防城港一模）—May I speak t Li Ming?—Oh, he isn't in. He ________ Ningde Science and Technlgy Museum.( )
A.ges tB.has gne tC.will g t
7.（2024廣西柳州一模）At 5 'clck yesterday afternn, my father ________ fr me utside the schl gate.( )
A.waitsB.waitedC.was waiting
8.（2024河北改編）Alex ________ tea culture since he came t China in 2010.( )
9.（2024江西改編）—Where is Helen?—I'm nt sure. Maybe she ________ her baseball lessn.( )
A.hadB.was havingC.is having
10.（2024廣西柳州三模）—Mr Smith, yu knw Chinese culture a lt!—Yes, I ________ China fr ver twenty years and I'm learning it all the time.( )
A.have been tB.have been inC.have gne t
11.（2024黑龍江改編）—The bk is wrth reading. Hw lng may I ________ it?—________ a week.( )
A.keep； FrB.brrw； FrC.lend； In
12.（2024黑龍江改編）—Lucy, where is Mr. Wang?—He ________ Beijing t attend a meeting.( )
A.has gne tB.has been tC.has been in
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
肯定句 The desks are made in China.否定句 The desks aren't made in China.一般疑問句 Are the desks made in China？
總結(jié)：否定句只需在am/is/are后加nt；一般疑問句需將am/is/are提到句首。
一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
肯定句 It was built ten years ag.否定句 It wasn't built ten years ag.一般疑問句 Was it built ten years ag？
總結(jié)：否定句只需在was/were后加nt；一般疑問句需將was/were提到句首。
一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
肯定句例：A meeting will be held tmrrw.A new schl library is ging t be built next year.否定句例：A meeting wn't be held tmrrw.A new schl library isn't ging t be built next year.一般疑問句例：Will a meeting be held tmrrw?Is a new schl library ging t be built next year?
總結(jié)：①否定句只需在will后加nt；一般疑問句需將will提到句首。②否定句只需在am/is/are后加nt；一般疑問句需將am/is/are提到句首。
1.常見主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊情況 主動(dòng)語態(tài)中有些感官動(dòng)詞（如hear, see, watch, ntice等）和使役動(dòng)詞（如make, let等）后用不帶t的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，要把不定式符號(hào)t還原。例：hear/see sb. d sth.→sb. be heard/seen t d sth.make sb. d sth.→sb. be made t d sth.
2.使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況（1）不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰；例句：Rice is grwn in the suth f China.水稻在中國(guó)南方種植。（2）沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；例句：Smking isn't allwed in the gas statin.加油站不允許吸煙。
（3）需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者；例句：Yur wrk must be finished tday.你（們）的工作今天必須完成。（4）出于禮貌措辭等原因而不愿意說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；例句：My glass was brken this mrning.我的玻璃杯今天早上被摔碎了。（5）動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者不是人；例句：Many huses were washed away by the flds.許多房屋被洪水沖走了。
（6）主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動(dòng)意義的情況;①動(dòng)詞pen, read, sell, write, lck, clean，cut, burn等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞，且主語為物時(shí)；例句：This kind f pen writes very smthly.這種鋼筆寫起來很流暢。②某些系動(dòng)詞（如smell, lk, taste, feel, sund等）描述某物特性時(shí)；例句：Mncakes taste delicius.月餅嘗起來很美味。
③在be wrth ding中，ding表示被動(dòng)意義；例句：This bk is wrth reading.這本書值得一讀。④need/require+ding相當(dāng)于need/require t be dne；例句：Yur car needs washing.=Yur car needs t be washed.你的汽車需要清洗了。
1.（2024廣西欽州一模）David ________ t begin playing ftball by his father at the age f 7.( )
A.encuragedB.was encuragedC.has encuraged
2.（2024山東菏澤）—Mre and mre yung peple like t wear Hanfu.—Yes. It's said that mst f the Chinese traditinal clthes ________ in Heze, Shandng.( )
A.are prducingB.will prduceC.are prduced
3.（2024四川樂山）—There has been less and less pllutin in Leshan these years.—The gvernment has made a great effrt n it. I'm sure this prblem ________ ne day in the future.( )
A.was slvedB.slvesC.will be slved
4.（2024黑龍江綏化）The tea ________ in China ________ t many different cuntries and places each year.( )
A.is made; sentB.made; sentC.made; is sent
5.（2024廣西欽州一模）Cld ndles ________ in the Qin Dynasty in ancient China.( )
A.inventedB.are inventedC.were invented
6.（2024甘肅武威一模）Yesterday he was made ________by his sister.( )
A.cryB.t cryC.crying
二、根據(jù)語境，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
1.（2024北京改編）Chinese is________ （speak） by mre and mre peple arund the wrld these days.2.（2024天津改編）La She wrte many plays and he was________ （name） “the Peple's Artist”.3.（2024四川成都改編）What exciting news! The 2025 Wrld Games will be _____ （hld） in Chengdu.
4.（2024山東濱州三模改編）The students all wnder if the English Festival will be_________________ （cancel） if there is a heavy snw next week.
canceled/cancelled
5.（2024陜西西安三模改編）This bike is brken and it needs _______________________ （repair）.
repairing/t be repaired
1.（2024貴州黔東南二模）如果你將原圖發(fā)到群聊里，你的家庭地址將被泄露。If yu pst riginal phts t the grup chats, yur hme address will ____ ______ ______.
2.（2024山東棗莊一模）一切都值得嘗試，只要你傾注全力。Everything is _______ _______ as lng as yu put yur effrt in it.
3.這雙鞋是手工做的，感覺很舒服。This pair f shes is ______ by hand, and it _____ very cmfrtable.
4.我的手表走得不準(zhǔn)了。它需要修理一下。My watch desn't ______ well nw. It needs __________.
動(dòng)詞不定式
基本形式：①t +動(dòng)詞原形；②省略t的不定式否定形式：nt t d sth.
根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。
1.（2024天津改編）人們可以用不同的肢體語言來表達(dá)相同的感情。Peple may use different bdy language ___ ______ the same feelings.
2.（2024黑龍江牡丹江改編）為了使我們的學(xué)生有責(zé)任感和獨(dú)立，軍訓(xùn)已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)的一項(xiàng)傳統(tǒng)。____ ______ ur students respnsible and independent, military training has becme a traditin in China.
3.（2024江蘇宿遷改編）他經(jīng)常在大自然中散步，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為這是一種很好的放松方式。He ften walks in nature because he thinks it is a gd way___ ______.
4.（2024貴州黔東南一模）這本小說對(duì)我來說讀起來太難了，因?yàn)槔锩嬗刑嗟纳~。The nvel is ____ hard fr me ___ read because there are t many new wrds in it.
5.（2024重慶改編）請(qǐng)教我如何彈鋼琴Please teach me hw ___ _____the pian
動(dòng)詞-ing形式與動(dòng)詞-ed形式
1.常見后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的短語與句型①have fun （in） ding sth.做某事有樂趣②be interested in ding sth.對(duì)做某事感興趣③have truble/difficulty （in） ding sth.做某事有困難④be/get used t ding sth.習(xí)慣做某事⑤be busy ding sth.忙于做某事
⑥be wrth ding sth.值得做某事⑦can't / culdn't help ding sth.情不自禁做某事⑧feel like ding sth.想要做某事⑨give up ding sth.放棄做某事⑩lk frward t ding sth.期待做某事?suggest ding sth.建議做某事
2.既可接不定式又可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞
3.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別（1）語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義。如：a mving film一部感人的電影the mved peple被感動(dòng)的人們（2）時(shí)間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。如：the develping cuntry發(fā)展中國(guó)家the develped cuntry發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家
4.過去分詞的常見搭配（1）have/get sth. dne“使……被……”例句：I want t have/get these chairs fixed.我想把這些椅子修理一下。
（2）It+be+過去分詞+that… 句型It is said that… 據(jù)說……It is hped that… 人們希望……It is suggested that… 有人建議……It is reprted that… 據(jù)報(bào)道……It is well-knwn that… 眾所周知……It is believed that… 人們相信……
1.The _______（cry） baby needs t be cmfrted（安慰） father had his car _________ （repair） in a garage（汽修廠） last week.3.（2024黑龍江綏化改編）My little brther suggested ______ （g） fr a walk.
4._______ （eat） t much sweet fd will make peple get gvernment has dne a lt t prtect the envirnment. Lts f _________ （pllute） rivers are much cleaner spke luder t make himself _______ （hear） nature is _______ （lve） urselves.
二、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。
1.（2024江蘇無錫一模改編）由于事情太多，他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了熬夜到很晚。He has been used t ________ ____ late because f t much wrk.
2.我們要避免過多依賴手機(jī)。We shuld avid ___________ ____ mbile phnes t much.
3.要記得對(duì)幫助過你的人心存感激。___________ ___ be thankful t the peple wh have helped yu.
4.據(jù)說那些從月球上帶回來的巖石下周將被在科技館展覽。It's _____ _____ the rcks which were brught back frm the mn wuld be n shw in the science museum next week.
5.在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)的青少年在上第一堂課時(shí)可能會(huì)感到驚奇。Teenagers _________ ________ may feel surprised when they have the first class.
6.（2024甘肅定西一模）不要買任何象牙制造的東西。Dn't buy anything ______ ___ ivry.
［課標(biāo)三級(jí)+僅作理解］
根據(jù)語境，用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.（2024黑龍江牡丹江改編）Having gd manners___ （be） necessary when yu visit a freign cuntry.
2.（2024黑龍江綏化改編）In China, a number f birthday persns ____ （eat） cakes with candles. The number f candles ___ （be） the persn's age.
3.I plan t travel t America next mnth, and I think 2，000 dllars___（be）enugh.
5.（2024黑龍江綏化改編）Lk! There ___ （be） sme infrmatin abut traffic rules in this bk.6.（2024甘肅蘭州）I dn't have a vlleyball, but my brther Jim ______ （d）.
7.Nt nly Jim but als his sister _____（have） visited a few cities since they came t China.
4.Tm's family is a big ne. And the family ____ （get） tgether t have a big meal n the Spring Festival every year.
1.跨學(xué)科·語文—The wind f early spring is as sharp as scissrs.—Hw beautiful it sunds! The writer________the wind f the early spring t scissrs in this pem.( )
A.cnnectsB.cmparesC.cntacts
2.（2024廣西南寧二模）It's 9:00 'clck. Dctr Li ________ a speech in the meeting rm.( )
A.madeB.is makingC.makes
3.（2024廣西欽州二模）Undergrund Line N.7 ________ t the public next year.( )
A.was penB.will be penC.is pened
4.（2024黑龍江綏化三模）When I gt hme, I saw my brther ________ cmputer games.( )
A.is playingB.playC.playing
5.（2024四川自貢）T save energy, dn't frget ________ the light befre yu leave the rm.( )
A.turn ffB.turning ffC.t turn ff
6.（2024湖南懷化一模）Nwadays, peple can get mre infrmatin abut the gds thrugh the QR cde （二維碼） ________ n the card.( )
A.is printedB.printedC.that printed
7.（2024四川成都三模）My sister wn the cmpetitin last weekend and gt high praise frm my parents, ________ an example fr me.( )
A.t setB.settingC.set
8.（2024安徽改編）—Excuse me, may I use yur dictinary? I ________ mine behind.—Sure. Here yu are.( )
A.leaveB.have leftC.will leave
9.（2024福建）—Xia Hai wn first prize in ur schl art festival.—Wnderful! I am ________ his next perfrmance.( )
A.lking frward tB.paying attentin tC.getting used t
10.（2024四川達(dá)州）—Bb, yur rm is s dirty. It must ________ every day.—OK. Mm, I'll d it right nw.( )
A.cleanB.be cleanedC.is cleaned
二、根據(jù)語境，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語完成下列各句。
1.（2024福建莆田一模改編）In Western culture sme sayings abut the dg ________ gd thughts. Fr example, “Yu're a lucky dg.”2.（2024江蘇連云港三模改編）Many yung peple can't _______ t buy huses in big cities in China.3.（2024廣西南寧三模改編）Dn't ________ late, Alice. Yu have t g t schl early tmrrw.